Natural circulation in a short-enclosed rod bundle

Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is used to study natural circulation flow in a sealed rod bundle with Rayleigh number (based on height) of approximately 1011 and fluid Prandtl 0.74. Natural convection boundary layer development observed both the heating rods cooling containment surfaces. The layers key heat transfer characteristics system. As descends surface, gradually develops transitions from laminar turbulent flow, transition occurring close bottom-end. Laminar at well represented by flat plate similarity solution for buoyant Nusselt correlation akin that isolated vertical surface. This indicates this surface similar an On occurs much earlier affected turbulence convected here compares against slender cylinder solution. In developed region, has dependency rectangular cavity.